/* ------------------------------------------------------
	FILE: Example of a nested ANOVA with random
	effects and MANOVA

	DATA: An experimental educational intervention was 
	introduced into 5 different schools (with 5 other
	schools acting as controls). Four fresheman
	homerooms within each school was tested. Testing
	consisted of a baseline measure and two post-
	intervention testings

	PURPOSE: illustrate random nested effects and MANOVA

   -------------------------------------------------------- */

OPTIONS NOCENTER NODATE PAGENO=1 LINESIZE=80;

TITLE Nested ANOVA;
TITLE2 AKA: Hierarchical Linear Models;
DATA education;
	INPUT Treatment School Class Baseline Time1 Time2;
DATALINES;
0 1 1 22.4 63.0 56.1
0 1 2 58.0 65.4 57.7
0 1 3 50.3 63.7 81.3
0 1 4 64.9 77.0 69.5
0 2 1 51.0 56.5 77.0
0 2 2 58.8 63.0 52.3
0 2 3 62.4 57.7 79.3
0 2 4 56.2 58.3 53.3
0 3 1 17.4 25.1 65.1
0 3 2 32.7 37.8 38.9
0 3 3 14.2 29.3 44.6
0 3 4 43.0 43.6 47.4
0 4 1 55.1 85.3 66.5
0 4 2 62.0 69.4 74.1
0 4 3 62.6 69.0 64.7
0 4 4 60.1 41.7 68.3
0 5 1 61.6 71.5 52.1
0 5 2 35.8 43.8 64.4
0 5 3 48.6 73.0 76.8
0 5 4 50.4 70.9 51.5
1 1 1 48.0 51.0 65.4
1 1 2 41.2 72.8 79.4
1 1 3 35.2 53.1 55.2
1 1 4 20.1 64.7 68.9
1 2 1 39.6 65.9 68.5
1 2 2 43.0 71.1 87.0
1 2 3 67.1 66.1 92.0
1 2 4 33.9 67.3 72.4
1 3 1 51.1 69.5 77.1
1 3 2 46.1 75.4 68.4
1 3 3 63.5 75.6 78.6
1 3 4 46.3 58.8 81.6
1 4 1 50.8 60.4 71.9
1 4 2 47.7 67.8 78.8
1 4 3 46.4 59.9 66.9
1 4 4 54.2 84.2 87.9
1 5 1 50.7 82.5 65.1
1 5 2 59.0 88.1 83.7
1 5 3 80.5 97.8 94.3
1 5 4 45.5 93.4 87.8
;
RUN;


PROC GLM DATA=Education;
	TITLE3 Results ignoring random effects;
	CLASS Treatment School ;
	MODEL Time1 Time2 = Treatment School(Treatment)
			 Baseline;
	RUN;
	TITLE3 Univariate tests using random effects;
	RANDOM School(treatment) / TEST;
	
	RUN;
	TITLE3 Manova using random effects;
	MANOVA H=Treatment E=school(treatment);
RUN;
QUIT;